Mechanical refraction in action

Action mirroring and action understanding in children

The past decade has experienced an increasing interest in action underestanding and children’s mirroring of others’ behavior. Behavioral investigations have focused on the development and significance of mimicry, goal prediction and imitation. Others have focused on the neural basis of action mirroring, identifying particular electrophysiological markers or related brain regions. A vivid debate...

Mechanical surface waves accompany action potential propagation.

Many diverse studies have shown that a mechanical displacement of the axonal membrane accompanies the electrical pulse defining the action potential (AP). We present a model for these mechanical displacements as arising from the driving of surface wave modes in which potential energy is stored in elastic properties of the neuronal membrane and cytoskeleton while kinetic energy is carried by the...

Anholonomic Transformations of Mechanical Action Principle

We exhibit the transformation properties of the mechanical action principle under anholonomic transformations. Using the fact that spaces with torsion can be produced by anholonomic transformations we derive the correct action principle in these spaces which is quite different from the conventional action principle. ∗Work supported by the Commission of the European Communities in Science and Te...

Refraction in volume graphics

Refraction in Discrete Raytracing

Refraction is an important graphics feature for synthesizing photorealistic images. This paper presents a study on refraction rendering in volume graphics using discrete ray tracing. We describe four basic approaches for determining the relative refractive index at each sampling position, and examine their relative merits. We discuss two types of anomalies associated with some approaches and th...